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Chromospheric Activity of Southern Stars from the Magellan Planet Search Program
I present chromospheric-activity measurements of ~670 F, G, K, and Mmain-sequence stars in the Southern Hemisphere, from ~8000 archivalhigh-resolution echelle spectra taken at Las Campanas Observatory since2004. These stars were targets from the Old Magellan Planet Search, andare now potential targets for the New Magellan Planet Search that willlook for rocky and habitable planets. Activity indices (S values) arederived from Ca II H and K line cores and then converted to the MountWilson system. From these measurements, chromospheric (logR'HK) indices are derived, which are then used as indicatorsof the level of radial-velocity jitter, age, and rotation periods thesestars present.Based on observations obtained with the Magellan Telescopes, operated bythe Carnegie Institution, Harvard University, University of Michigan,University of Arizona, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
| Bayesian inference of stellar parameters and interstellar extinction using parallaxes and multiband photometry
Astrometric surveys provide the opportunity to measure the absolutemagnitudes of large numbers of stars, but only if the individualline-of-sight extinctions are known. Unfortunately, extinction is highlydegenerate with stellar effective temperature when estimated frombroad-band optical/infrared photometry. To address this problem, Iintroduce a Bayesian method for estimating the intrinsic parameters of astar and its line-of-sight extinction. It uses both photometry andparallaxes in a self-consistent manner in order to provide anon-parametric posterior probability distribution over the parameters.The method makes explicit use of domain knowledge by employing theHertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD) to constrain solutions and to ensurethat they respect stellar physics. I first demonstrate this method byusing it to estimate effective temperature and extinction from BVJHKdata for a set of artificially reddened Hipparcos stars, for whichaccurate effective temperatures have been estimated from high-resolutionspectroscopy. Using just the four colours, we see the expected strongdegeneracy (positive correlation) between the temperature andextinction. Introducing the parallax, apparent magnitude and the HRDreduces this degeneracy and improves both the precision (reduces theerror bars) and the accuracy of the parameter estimates, the latter byabout 35 per cent. The resulting accuracy is about 200 K in temperatureand 0.2 mag in extinction. I then apply the method to estimate theseparameters and absolute magnitudes for some 47 000 F, G, K Hipparcosstars which have been cross-matched with Two-Micron All-Sky Survey(2MASS). The method can easily be extended to incorporate the estimationof other parameters, in particular metallicity and surface gravity,making it particularly suitable for the analysis of the 109stars from Gaia.
| Keck DEIMOS Spectroscopy of a GALEX UV-Selected Sample from the Medium Imaging Survey
We report results from a pilot program to obtain spectroscopy forobjects detected in the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Medium ImagingSurvey (MIS). Our study examines the properties of galaxies detected byGALEX fainter than the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopicsurvey. This is the first study to extend the techniques of Salim andcoworkers to estimate stellar masses, star formation rates (SFRs), andthe b (star formation history) parameter for star-forming galaxies outto z~0.7. We obtain redshifts for 50 GALEX MIS sources reaching NUV=23.9(AB mag) having counterparts in the SDSS Data Release 4 (DR4). Of oursample, 43 are star-forming galaxies with z<0.7, 3 have emission-lineratios indicative of active galactic nuclei with z<0.7, and 4 objectswith z>1 are QSOs, 3 of which are not previously cataloged. Wecompare our sample to a much larger sample of ~50,000 matched GALEX/SDSSgalaxies with SDSS spectroscopy; while our survey is shallow, theoptical counterparts to our sources reach ~3 mag fainter in SDSS r thanthe SDSS spectroscopic sample. We use emission-line diagnostics for thegalaxies to determine that the sample contains mostly star-forminggalaxies. The galaxies in the sample populate the blue sequence in theNUV-r versus Mr color-magnitude diagram. The derived stellarmasses of the galaxies range from 108 to 1011Msolar, and derived SFRs are between 10-1 and102 Msolar yr-1. Our sample has SFRs,luminosities, and velocity dispersions that are similar to the samplesof faint compact blue galaxies studied previously in the same redshiftrange by Koo and collaborators, Guzmán and collaborators, andPhillips and collaborators. However, our sample is ~2 mag fainter insurface brightness than the compact blue galaxies. We find that the starformation histories for a majority of the galaxies are consistent with arecent starburst within the last 100 Myr.Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. KeckObservatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among theCalifornia Institute of Technology, the University of California, andthe National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory wasmade possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. KeckFoundation.
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